GeographyCountry name: Swiss Confederation. Short form: Switzerland. Local: Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft (German), Confederation Suisse (French), Confederazione Svizzera (Italian). Short form: Schweiz (German), Suisse (French), Svizzera (Italian). Capital: Bern. Government type: federal republic. Revision of Constitution of 1874 entered into force on 1 January 2000. Independence: 1 August 1291 (Founding of the Swiss Confederation). Administrative divisions: 26 cantons (cantons, singular - canton in French; cantoni, singular - cantone in Italian; kantone, singular - kanton in German); Aargau, Appenzell Ausser-Rhoden, Appenzell Inner-Rhoden, Basel-Landschaft, Basel-Stadt, Bern, Fribourg, Geneve, Glarus, Graubunden, Jura, Luzern, Neuchatel, Nidwalden, Obwalden, Sankt Gallen, Schaffhausen, Schwyz, Solothurn, Thurgau, Ticino, Uri, Valais, Vaud, Zug, Zurich. Terrain: mostly mountains (Alps in south, Jura in northwest) with a central plateau of rolling hills, plains, and large lakes. Switzerland has the highest elevations in the Alps. Total area: 41,290 kmē. Highest point: Dufourspitze 4,634 m. Climate: temperate, but varies with altitude; cold, cloudy, rainy/snowy winters; cool to warm, cloudy, humid summers with occasional showers. Ports: Basel. |
GeographyCountry name: Swiss Confederation. Short form: Switzerland. Local: Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft (German), Confederation Suisse (French), Confederazione Svizzera (Italian). Short form: Schweiz (German), Suisse (French), Svizzera (Italian). Capital: Bern. Government type: federal republic. Revision of Constitution of 1874 entered into force on 1 January 2000. Independence: 1 August 1291 (Founding of the Swiss Confederation). Administrative divisions: 26 cantons (cantons, singular - canton in French; cantoni, singular - cantone in Italian; kantone, singular - kanton in German); Aargau, Appenzell Ausser-Rhoden, Appenzell Inner-Rhoden, Basel-Landschaft, Basel-Stadt, Bern, Fribourg, Geneve, Glarus, Graubunden, Jura, Luzern, Neuchatel, Nidwalden, Obwalden, Sankt Gallen, Schaffhausen, Schwyz, Solothurn, Thurgau, Ticino, Uri, Valais, Vaud, Zug, Zurich. Terrain: mostly mountains (Alps in south, Jura in northwest) with a central plateau of rolling hills, plains, and large lakes. Switzerland has the highest elevations in the Alps. Total area: 41,290 kmē. Highest point: Dufourspitze 4,634 m. Climate: temperate, but varies with altitude; cold, cloudy, rainy/snowy winters; cool to warm, cloudy, humid summers with occasional showers. Ports: Basel. |
GeographyCountry name: Swiss Confederation. Short form: Switzerland. Local: Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft (German), Confederation Suisse (French), Confederazione Svizzera (Italian). Short form: Schweiz (German), Suisse (French), Svizzera (Italian). Capital: Bern. Government type: federal republic. Revision of Constitution of 1874 entered into force on 1 January 2000. Independence: 1 August 1291 (Founding of the Swiss Confederation). Administrative divisions: 26 cantons (cantons, singular - canton in French; cantoni, singular - cantone in Italian; kantone, singular - kanton in German); Aargau, Appenzell Ausser-Rhoden, Appenzell Inner-Rhoden, Basel-Landschaft, Basel-Stadt, Bern, Fribourg, Geneve, Glarus, Graubunden, Jura, Luzern, Neuchatel, Nidwalden, Obwalden, Sankt Gallen, Schaffhausen, Schwyz, Solothurn, Thurgau, Ticino, Uri, Valais, Vaud, Zug, Zurich. Terrain: mostly mountains (Alps in south, Jura in northwest) with a central plateau of rolling hills, plains, and large lakes. Switzerland has the highest elevations in the Alps. Total area: 41,290 kmē. Highest point: Dufourspitze 4,634 m. Climate: temperate, but varies with altitude; cold, cloudy, rainy/snowy winters; cool to warm, cloudy, humid summers with occasional showers. Ports: Basel. |
However, the country did not officially become a UN member until 2002.
Switzerland's
independence and neutrality have long been honored by the major European powers,
and Switzerland was not involved in either of the two World Wars. The political
and economic integration of Europe over the past half century, as well as
Switzerland's role in many UN and international organizations, has strengthened
Switzerland's ties with its neighbors.
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